Abdominal Intoxication - Our Experiences in USA (16-Dec-2003)

Poisonings pose diagnostic challenges in horses because they are so rare that few veterinarians have sufficient experience to recognize them, and signs can be subtle, non-specific, and easily confused with other diseases. Many cases are treated as colic, because the predominant signs fit that group of diseases more than any other. Although several plants do cause signs of abdominal disease, many that target other organs can cause tachycardia, tachypnea, patchy sweating, depression, inappetance, abnormal gait, and other signs that can be interpreted as colic. Conversely, horses that are presented as cases of suspected plant toxicity are often afflicted with another disease. Unfortunately, poisoning can be difficult to prove, which can complicate the handling of cases with legal ramifications. In suspect cases, history is critical, and samples of feed, pasture or hay must be examined closely for weeds and other contaminants. Other horses on the same premises should be examined for early signs of poisoning, and should receive different food until the suspect case is resolved. Post mortem diagnosis depends on careful sampling of tissues and gastrointestinal tract contents, combined with a detailed history and clinical signs.